Construction Permits in Canada: What You Need to Know Before Breaking Ground

Starting a construction project in Canada — whether residential, commercial, or industrial — involves more than just planning and hiring contractors.

One of the most crucial early steps is obtaining the appropriate construction permits.

These permits ensure your project meets local building codes, zoning bylaws, and safety standards.

Failing to secure the right permits can lead to delays, fines, legal complications, and in some cases, orders to tear down completed work.

This guide will help you understand what permits are required, when you need them, how to apply, and what to expect throughout the process — wherever you’re building in Canada.

What Is a Construction Permit, and Why Is It Important?

• Building Permits

A building permit is formal approval from your local municipality that allows you to begin construction or renovation. It verifies that your project meets the requirements of the local building code and ensures the work will be safe for future occupants and the surrounding community.

• Development Permits

A development permit, on the other hand, deals with land use and zoning. It ensures that the type of development you’re proposing is allowed on that site. Some projects—especially new builds—require both a development permit and a building permit.

Key difference:

• A building permit focuses on how the structure is built.

• A development permit focuses on where and what you can build.

When Do You Need a Permit in Canada?

Projects That Usually Require a Permit

You’ll likely need a permit for the following:

• Building a new structure (residential, commercial, or industrial)

• Home or office additions and extensions

• Structural renovations or interior alterations

• Changing the use of a building (e.g., converting residential to commercial)

• Installing or altering plumbing, electrical, or HVAC systems

• Constructing decks above a certain height (commonly 24 inches or 60 cm)

• Demolishing or relocating a building.

Each municipality may have slightly different requirements, so always confirm with your local building department.

Projects That May Not Require a Permit

Some minor updates typically don’t need permits:

• Interior painting or wallpapering

• Installing kitchen cabinets (without altering plumbing or wiring)

• Replacing floor tiles or roofing materials

• Building small sheds (under 10 square metres, depending on local bylaws)

What Happens If You Don’t Get a Permit?

Proceeding without a permit could result in:

• Fines or penalties

• Orders to stop construction

• Difficulty refinancing or selling your property

• Having to tear down or redo unauthorized work

How to Apply for a Construction Permit in Canada

The Permit Process: Step by Step

1. Research Requirements: Start by checking your city or municipality’s website. Requirements vary across regions.

2. Prepare Your Documents: Most projects will need:

   • A detailed site plan

   • Architectural or engineering drawings

   • A description of the proposed work

3. Submit the ApplicationApply online or in person (depending on your location) and pay the relevant fee.

4. Wait for ReviewThe building department will review your application for compliance with codes and bylaws.

5. Receive Your PermitOnce approved, you’ll receive a permit and can begin work. Be sure to post the permit visibly on site.

6. Book InspectionsMunicipal inspectors will check the work at key milestones (e.g., foundation, framing, electrical).

   
   

How Long Does It Take?

Permit processing times vary by municipality and project size. On average:

• Simple residential projects: 5–15 business days

• Complex commercial builds: 20–30 business days or more

How Much Does It Cost?

Permit fees are usually based on the project’s size and value. Expect to pay:

• $100–$500+ for minor residential projects

• $1,000+ for commercial or multi-unit developments

Always check your local city’s fee schedule.

Permit Requirements by Province

• Ontario

Requires permits for almost all new construction, additions, and structural changes. Governed by the Ontario Building Code.Learn more →

• British Columbia

Permits are managed at the municipal level under the BC Building Code. Even small projects like carports or retaining walls often require a permit.More info →

• Alberta

Projects must comply with the Alberta Building Code. You’ll need a permit for most renovations, additions, or major repairs.More info →

• Quebec

Quebec uses the Quebec Construction Code and municipalities handle permit issuance. Plans typically must be submitted in French.More info →

Other Provinces

While the building codes vary slightly, the general permitting process is similar across the country. Always consult your local building authority.

Common Challenges and Questions

1. Why Do Permits Get Delayed?

Delays are often caused by:

• Incomplete applications

• Missing or inaccurate documentation

• High volumes of applications during peak season

Tip: Hire a professional familiar with local permitting to streamline the process.

2. What If My Permit Gets Denied?

Don’t panic. First, review the reason for denial. You may need to:

• Modify your drawings

• Apply for a zoning variance

• Provide additional documents

After corrections, you can usually resubmit.

3. Can I Start Without a Permit and Apply Later?

No. Doing so can result in:

• Legal enforcement

• Increased costs

• Unsafe or non-compliant construction

Always secure your permit before starting any work.

4. Do Permits Expire?

Yes. Most are valid for 6–12 months after issuance. If your project is delayed, you may need to request an extension before the permit expires.

Tips for a Smooth Permit Process

• Start Early: Begin the process as soon as your design plans are ready.

• Hire the Right Team: Architects and engineers who know local codes can save time.

• Be Thorough: Double-check all documents before submitting.

• Follow Up: Stay in contact with the building department to track your application’s progress.

Conclusion

Construction permits aren’t just paperwork — they’re essential for ensuring safety, legal compliance, and long-term property value.

Whether you're building a custom home, managing a commercial development, or renovating a small space, taking the time to understand and follow the permitting process is one of the smartest steps you can take.

By being informed and proactive, you’ll avoid costly setbacks and keep your project on track.

If you're ever unsure, reach out to your local building authority — or partner with a professional contractor like Folspire to handle the process for you.

Need help managing your next project? Book a consultation with Folspire today →